Adopting an orphan child or one left without parental care is a huge responsibility. Prospective adoptive parents will have to go through a number of bureaucratic procedures, graduate from the school of adoptive parents and prove in court that they can replace the child with a blood family. In order to provide material support for such families, there is a state program under which adopted children retain all the benefits they are entitled to.
Upon adoption, the child is fully endowed with the rights of blood children. The adoptive parents can give the child their last name, change his name, date and place of birth. At the same time, the state partially relinquishes its obligations of financial assistance to such a family. Adopters can only count on the help and benefits that are due to blood children. However, each region can set its own rules in order to support such families.
What are the same benefits for all adoptive parents? If you are taking a child under the age of three into your family, the mother is entitled to maternity leave and the corresponding maternity benefits. If this is the second or third baby, the family has the right to receive maternity capital, if it has not received it before.
If the child being adopted received a survivor's pension or child support, it will continue to be deposited in his bank account (passbook) until age 18 or until he graduates from a full-time college or university. Foster parents can withdraw this money from the account only after the permission of guardianship and only for the necessary needs of this particular child (education, treatment).
If, before adoption, the child received a disability pension and the corresponding benefits (free drugs, etc.), all payments will remain with him in the new status. Moreover, if one of the parents takes care of a disabled person, he will also receive the required allowances. If the adopted baby has become the third in the family, such a family has the right to receive the status of a large family and all the benefits provided in this case.
Now let's consider what kind of cash benefits foster parents can receive in person. To receive cash benefits, adoptive parents must submit documents to the guardianship and guardianship authorities no later than six months after the decision on adoption. The set of documents is standard: passports of guardians (or one), a court decision on adoption, a certificate of residence proving that the child lives with the new parents, income certificates. Foster parents are entitled to a lump sum payment in connection with the adoption of a child into the family. Its amount depends on the region of residence, the status of the child (disabled, over 7 years old, etc.). If two children from orphanages have entered the family at the same time, the allowance will be charged for each. Moreover, if the children are biological relatives (brothers, sisters), they will receive an increased allowance.
Some regions of Russia establish their own measures to support families wishing to accept orphans or persons from among them. For example, adoptive parents are paid certain amounts of money under the scheme, just like foster families. But foster parents receive monthly salaries and money to support the child, and adoptive parents receive free funds. But for this money, the family is obliged to report quarterly to the guardianship authorities. A one-time allowance is also paid when transferring a child to a family, and if you are raising a disabled person, the amount of a one-time allowance will be more than 110,000 rubles (from 2017 in Moscow). And also every month until the child reaches 18 years old, adoptive parents will receive cash payments, the amount of which is set in each specific region.
But there are also pitfalls here. If the adoptive parents cannot fully cope with their responsibilities and it comes to the point that they themselves give the child back to an orphanage or withdraw him at the request of the guardianship authorities, the money received for the entire period of the child's stay in the family will have to be returned to the state. Except only for those funds spent on the adopted child, which are documented. In this way, the state controls the responsibility of the parents to the child taken into the family. After all, cases when parents could not cope or were not ready for a special child are not uncommon.
