Cargo transportation at the present stage is one of the leading sectors of the economy. Frequently, cargo transportation is used to transport dangerous goods. Poisonous and explosive substances that require special packaging, qualified loading and unloading operations and compliance with special transportation rules fall under this category.
Depending on the degree of danger, there is a special gradation of cargo, and only specialists can assign this or that category. The first class of dangerous goods includes substances that can cause a fire or lead to an explosion. Pyrotechnic equipment falls into this category.
The next class of dangerous goods consists of gases in a refrigerated liquefied state, as well as those that are specially dissolved in a liquid or are under high pressure. These are nitrogen, chlorine and some other substances.
A number of mixtures that give off vapors that can very easily ignite, with a flash point that can be either high or low, constitute the third class of dangerous goods. Next comes the category, which includes substances that can ignite from a small spark, as well as during friction.
The same classification of dangerous goods includes non-combustible, but easily oxidizable substances that can sustain combustion. The sixth class of dangerous goods includes toxic infectious substances. They pose an immediate danger if they enter the human body. They are followed by radioactive drugs with a specific activity of seventy kilojoules per kilogram.
The eighth class of dangerous goods includes corrosive and corrosive substances. Their main danger is that if they enter the respiratory tract or mucous membranes, they damage tissues. They are also dangerous for metals, as they lead to corrosion, and in interaction with some materials they can cause a fire. Specialists include other flammable substances in the ninth class of dangerous goods for cargo transportation.
After determining the hazard category of the cargo, the method of its transportation is selected and the appropriate labeling of the container is made, which is used as a variety of canisters, cylinders or boxes. Placement of dangerous goods in containers or loading can only be carried out in specially equipped places, and each container must be securely fastened in the van for transportation in order to reduce the risk when transporting dangerous goods.
