Sectors of the economy are related industries. Each of them combines characteristics, goals, and functions into a common composition. Depending on the prevailing types of activity, the economic structure of the state is formed.
Related sectors of the economy are sectors. Thanks to their interaction, a common system is formed. Such elements have similar characteristics, goals, functions and behavior. This makes it possible to separate one part from the others.
There are several classifications of sectors of the economy:
- by affiliation;
- the nature of economic activity;
- the content of material values.
Primary
It unites industries that are associated with the extraction of raw materials and their processing. It includes agriculture and household, fishing, forestry, hunting, extraction of natural raw materials. It was this direction that was the very first in history, since it originates from the economic activity of primitive people.
The predominance of the primary species in the state indicates a low level of economic development. An example is the countries of Africa, where to this day most of the population is associated with agriculture. The exception is the Gulf States, where the primary sector (oil production) has become the main impetus for enrichment.
Bank
This form is key in dealing with short-term resources and an important supplier in relation to long-term ones. By accumulating free funds, placing them in effective financial instruments, banks begin to act as a "circulatory system" in various spheres of the economy.
This direction is regulated by the Central Bank of Russia. The mechanisms of influence are economic and economic and administrative methods. At the same time, competition between financial enterprises is an important factor for the development of the industry. The Russian economy is at the stage of formation, so the banking sector is still actively developing.
Municipal
It unites primary units, municipalities. Each represents a type of territorial organization and activity of the population. The municipal sector is also understood as a set of relations that are interconnected by municipal property assigned to the municipal unitary enterprise, budgetary institutions, the treasury, and self-government bodies.
Almost 25% of the economically active population is employed in this area. It accounts for 5% of investments, 2, 5; turnover. The municipal direction is formed as a structural subdivision of the national economy. It is a single complex of interrelationships between production, distribution, exchange and consumption.
Private
This is a segment of the economy that is not controlled by the state. It is based on:
- natural economy;
- goods and finance;
- market;
The private sector is formed by farms and companies with private capitalization. This type is subdivided into collective economic, individual. All developed countries are building partnerships between the private sector and the state. The work is carried out in different directions with the involvement of various participants. The latter complicates the partnership.
Financial
Thanks to this direction, there is an effective interaction between the mills with different levels of division of labor. All subjects are connecting links between other sectors, since they are used to accumulate funds. Operational efficiency has a decisive impact on the economy of the entire country.
The structure is represented by:
- banking system (Central Bank and other banks);
- non-banking organizations (insurance companies, stock exchanges, investment companies, pension funds and others).
The main bank of the country can control the development and analyze the activity of banks.
In conclusion, we note that there are also intersectoral complexes that are formed within individual industries. They represent an integration system, which is characterized by the interaction of various parts and areas of activity. Such complexes are distinguished by a more complex structure.
