During an economic crisis, money must either be spent or invested. Otherwise, the amount of your capital, under the influence of inflation, will decrease. For investments, it is better to choose an instrument that will allow you to get more profit than a bank deposit, and in terms of reliability it will not be worse. This method of increasing money refers to an individual investment account, abbreviated as IIS.
When choosing a financial instrument, do not chase the maximum profit. As a rule, excess profitability is associated with high risk, and high reliability always brings low profit.
The most optimal option for saving and increasing money is IIA. In 2015, the government, in order to attract money to the stock market, developed a unique product - an individual investment account.
This is a new financial instrument that allows the investor to make a profit of up to 18% per year, with minimal risk. The main advantage of IIS is the guarantee of a profit of 13% of the investment amount for the financial year. That is, when placing an amount of 100,000 rubles on the account, you are guaranteed to receive a profit of 13,000 rubles. The state transfers this amount to you to the specified account through the tax office. Income tax is refunded. To do this, you need to contact the tax office and fill out an income tax return, as well as submit all the necessary documents.
For the return of income tax, you must comply with the following conditions for placing money on the IIS account. The investment period must be at least 3 years. In case of early withdrawal of money, the income received is subject to return. The maximum amount of account top-up per year is 400,000 rubles, therefore, 52,000 rubles can be refunded.
Another plus is that you can open an account in advance, at the beginning of the year, and you can transfer the entire amount any day until December 31st. The money is returned only once, for the first year, the remaining 2 years the money is simply in the account. To get a refund for 2 years again, you need to replenish the IIS again. Thus, it will be possible to return a maximum of 3 times, 13% of the transfer amount. If you leave money for the fourth year and replenish your account, you can get 13% again.
Then the money can be invested in securities. The most reliable investment is considered to be OFZ - federal loan bonds. These are government bonds, besides, the probability of a government default tends to zero. OFZ yield ranges from 5-15% per year. Thus, the average investor's income for the year, together with the income tax refund, will be about 18%.
For a more accurate calculation, you can create a table in Microsoft Excel.
We put aside 400,000 rubles every year. We invest money in OFZs at 10% per annum and receive an income tax refund of 52,000 rubles once a year.
Taking into account reinvestments at the end of 3 years, the account will have 1 628 520 rubles. The income will be 428,520 rubles.
Pay attention to the income figures for 3 years. For the first year we get a profit of 23%, then 10% for 2 years. Average income 14.33%. From the second amount, the average income will be 16.5%. And the most profitable contribution will be in the third year and will amount to 23%. Thus, the average income over 3 years is 17.94%.
If you invest in more profitable bonds, then the yield will be higher.
An account can be opened with a bank, a management company or with a broker. The conditions for opening and maintaining an account in each company are different. Therefore, you should consider several brokers and choose the most suitable and convenient option.
After opening an account, you need to decide in what way you will perform operations on the stock market. You can buy and sell securities via the Internet using a special program. If this option is not suitable, then all transactions can be made over the phone through your broker.
Shares also belong to securities. Stocks yield higher than bonds, but there is a risk of losing some of the money. Therefore, it is better for novice investors to start their steps in the stock market with bonds. Anyone can become a successful investor. To do this, you do not need to have a lot of money, enough desire and patience.
