Auditing activity has long ceased to be perceived as a primitive audit. The global goal of modern audit is to reduce business risks. In this regard, the species diversity of the audit has significantly expanded.
Auditing activity as a type of service has long ceased to be a novelty. At the present stage of development, this service is an independent appraisal activity. An audit can be subject to both one of the types of activities of an organization or a company, for example, financial statements, as well as all work as a whole. In addition, you can evaluate a specific product, technology, system, project or process.
Species diversity of audit
Types of audit services are classified depending on the scope of valuation activities. Depending on who conducts the appraisal activity, it is customary to distinguish between external and internal audit. Thus, it is customary to consider an audit conducted by third parties or an audit company as an external audit, while an internal audit is conducted by employees of the organization.
By the beginning of the last century, audit activity was conditionally divided into two large categories:
- financial or investment audit;
- audit in the field of industry.
The demand for an independent assessment in the field of investment and financial activities is explained by its expansion. Thus, not only creditors and company owners began to resort to the services of auditors, but also the third interested category - investors. Despite the fact that financial and investment audit are one category, there is a certain difference between them. An audit in the field of finance is an activity aimed at verifying the reliability of financial activities, the correctness of financial transactions and the correctness of accounting. The tasks of an investment audit are in a slightly different plane: it studies the effectiveness of investments in the long term, as well as their intended use.
Industrial audit is a more complex type of audit activity that requires knowledge and understanding not only of the financial component, but also of the technical and technological spheres. The financial part of industrial audit is aimed at determining the reasonableness of the cost of products, services or tariffs. The technical component consists in checking the organization of the production process, quality control systems, production technologies, production equipment and raw materials base.
In addition to these types of audit activities, personnel audit, tax audit, fire audit, environmental audit are used with increasing activity. The implementation of project activities has updated the PR-audit.
