Assets are the property of an enterprise in financial, tangible and intangible form. When analyzing the activities of a commercial organization, they also resort to the calculation of net assets - the value of the real value of the property minus its debts.
Instructions
Step 1
The sum of the assets of the company is the left side of the balance sheet. It indicates the value of the firm's property at the reporting date. All property of the enterprise includes tangible, intangible and financial assets. Tangible assets in material form include buildings, structures, land, materials, spare parts, stocks of finished products, etc. Financial assets are the company's accounts receivable, cash on hand and on current accounts, securities, long-term and short-term financial investments. Intangible assets are understood as the right to use intellectual property. These can be various patents, licenses, trademark rights, etc. The totality of all the property of the enterprise will constitute its assets.
Step 2
Depending on the source of formation, gross and net assets are distinguished. Gross assets are financed from equity and borrowed capital, net assets - only from equity. The amount of net assets can be determined as the difference between the value of assets and liabilities taken for the purposes of calculation.
Step 3
The property, which is taken into account in order to determine the amount of net assets, includes:
- non-current assets (the result of section I of the balance sheet);
- current assets, reflected in section II of the balance sheet, minus the cost of the cost of buying out own shares, bought out from shareholders, and the debts of the founders on contributions to the authorized capital.
Step 4
The liabilities accepted for calculation include:
- all long-term liabilities;
- short-term liabilities on loans and credits;
- accounts payable;
- debt to the founders;
- reserves for future expenses and other short-term liabilities.
Not included in the calculation of the balance sheet item "Deferred income" and "Target financing and receipts".
