For the profitable sale of goods, you need to be able to correctly determine the actual cost of products. Finished products are products that have passed all stages of technological processing and appropriate control. Those products that did not pass it are considered incomplete and do not belong to finished products.
It is necessary
- - accounting of costs and direct costs;
- - a method for evaluating finished products.
Instructions
Step 1
Finished goods are part of the inventory that is intended for sale. Finished goods are valued at actual or planned production costs. The cost of finished products is either all the costs that are included in the production cost, or only direct costs, in the event that indirect costs are written off from account 26 to account 90. Finished products are recorded on account 43, which bears the appropriate name.
Step 2
In practice, the method for evaluating finished products at the actual production cost is used quite rarely, usually in small enterprises where the range of goods is limited. For other types of production, this method is very laborious. This is due to the fact that the actual cost of finished products is determined only at the end of the reporting month. And during this time, there is a constant movement of products. Therefore, for accounting use the conditional valuation of products at the planned cost or selling price excluding VAT.
Step 3
The use of the selling price is possible only if it is constant throughout the month. Otherwise, it is more expedient to keep records at the planned cost. It is defined as follows: the planning department, based on the actual cost of the previous period and the expected change in the price level, introduces a certain accounting price constant throughout the month.
Step 4
The manufactured products are debited from credit 23 to debit 26. And the cost of finished products shipped to customers from credit 26 to debit 901. At the end of the month, having calculated the actual production cost, the deviation of the book price from the actual production cost and the deviation related to the products sold are determined.
