Every novice accountant is faced with the problem of drawing up accounting entries. They are the basis of accounting and reflect all business transactions of the enterprise for the reporting periods. Errors are unacceptable here, so you need to carefully study all the rules and regulations.
Instructions
Step 1
Purchase or download from the Internet the Unified Chart of Accounts and the Accounting Instruction, approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 157n dated 01.12.2010. These documents establish the basic rules of accounting and the use of accounts. Check constantly with the Chart of Accounts when drawing up accounting entries in order to avoid mistakes or inaccuracies.
Step 2
Learn concepts such as active and passive account, credit and debit. Having understood their purpose, you can easily apply them in practice when drawing up accounting entries. Active accounts are used to characterize property by location, availability and composition. When compiling a balance sheet according to Form No. 1, they will be located in the asset. Passive accounts show the sources of property formation and are included in the liabilities of the balance sheet. A credit is characterized by a decrease, and a debit is an increase in cash or property on active accounts, and vice versa for a liability.
Step 3
Analyze the business transaction for which you want to draw up an accounting entry. Determine the accounts to which it belongs. For example, salaries were paid to employees on bank cards. In this case, two accounts are involved: account 51 "Current account", on which the reduction occurs, so we indicate it in the credit, as well as account 70 "Payroll calculations", which is reflected in the debit for the entire amount of paid wages. In this case, there is no need to break down for each employee, since this part will be reflected in the supporting documents.
Step 4
Take into account all business transactions and draw up accounting entries only if there is primary documentation. For example, in the above example, these documents are a payment order and a bank statement on a current account.
