Postings are a fundamental part of accounting. They reflect the financial and economic activities of the company for the reporting period and show the movement of cash, assets and fixed assets of the company. Based on the accounting entries, annual statements are drawn up and the balance sheet is determined.
Instructions
Step 1
Study the chart of accounts of accounting, which reflects the main items of the activity of any enterprise. The latest version of this document was approved by order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 157 of December 1, 2010. Also, each accountant must have with him a regulated Instruction for the use of accounting accounts, which indicates the main provisions and purposes of operations.
Step 2
Analyze the transaction for which you want to post in accounting. Determine which accounts characterize it. For example, you withdraw money from a checking account and put cash in the cashier. In this case, account 50 "Cashier" and account 51 "Current accounts" are used. It should be noted that on the Internet you can find many sites on which typical transactions are posted. This will make your work easier, since there is no need to analyze the operation yourself.
Step 3
Define the debit and credit of the transaction. These key figures show the expense and income for each side of the transaction. For active accounts, credit shows a decrease, and debit - an increase, for passive accounts, vice versa. In this example, the current account is in credit, and the cash desk is in debit.
Step 4
Execute the transaction in the accounting department. Without fail, it must be confirmed by primary documentation: a payment order, an invoice, an act of work performed or other document reflecting the amount and purpose of the operation. For example, when withdrawing money from a current account, you need to receive an extract and a bank check, and depositing funds to the cashier is made out by a cash receipt order.
Step 5
Post the posting in accounting. For this, an accounting entry is made, which consists of the account number and the nature of the transaction. In the case of the example under consideration, the posting will look like: DT 50 - KT 51. If the operation is of a specific nature, the accountant opens the appropriate subaccount and independently determines its name.
