Accounting for the production process implies the reflection of the costs of manufacturing the final product produced by the enterprise. At the same time, the volume and range of products are taken into account, the level of resource consumption is monitored, the cost is calculated, and reserves for its reduction are identified.
Instructions
Step 1
Determine the composition of the costs included in the cost price. They must correspond to the expenses included in the taxable base for income tax in accordance with Chapter 25 of the Tax Code (Articles 252-264).
Step 2
Develop an internal workflow procedure that allows you to record any production operation. Apply uniform forms of primary documents.
Step 3
Consider the direct costs associated with production on the debit of active account 20 "Main production". Open subaccounts to this account by workshops (production sites), types of activities. Accounting must be kept in the context of each type of cost.
Step 4
Recognize the costs associated with the maintenance of auxiliary production (for example, transport section, repair and construction site), in the debit of subaccounts of active account 23 "Auxiliary production".
Step 5
Make a record of indirect costs (not directly related to the production process) on accounts 25 "General production costs" and 26 "General business costs". In the debit 25 of account, include the costs of wages (including deductions) for site managers and auxiliary workers, depreciation, maintenance of fixed assets, the cost of electricity, etc.
Step 6
Consider the costs of maintaining and managing the enterprise on debit 26 of the account. This is the salary of management personnel, including deductions, the amount of taxes and fees attributed to the cost price, depreciation and maintenance of fixed assets not related to the main and auxiliary production, stationery and household expenses, and other expenses.
Step 7
At the end of the month, distribute the costs of ancillary production, general production and general business costs between individual activities (products) in proportion to the selected base (wages of the main workers, the number of machine-hours, the volume of finished products, etc.). Write them off to the debit of account 20.
Step 8
Assess the work in progress at the end of the month. Distribute the total cost of the debit of account 20 between products sold and work in progress. Write off in the debit of account 90 "Sales" (for works and services) and in the debit of account 40 "Release of finished goods" (for finished goods) the cost of these activities.
Step 9
Income and consumption of finished products in the warehouse during the month, take into account on account 43 at planned and accounting prices. Reflect the total cost of manufactured products at planned and accounting prices on the credit of account 40 "Release of finished goods", the debit will reflect their actual cost. Compare debit and credit turnovers. Close the account by making a posting: Debit of account 90 (subaccount "Cost"), Credit of account 40 "Release of finished goods" - the deviation is reversed in red if the planned cost exceeded the actual, or Debit of account 90 (subaccount "Cost"), Credit of account 40 " Output of finished goods "- the deviation is written off if the actual cost exceeded the planned one.
Step 10
Reflect the proceeds from the sale of products on the credit of account 90 in correspondence with account 62 "Settlements with buyers and customers." Determine the financial result of production by comparing the debit and credit turnovers for account 90. Write off the profit in the credit of account 99 "Profit and Loss", and the loss in the debit of this account.
