Profit is a positive value that characterizes the efficiency of the enterprise, which consists in the fact that the amount of income from the sale of goods exceeds the volume of costs for its production and advertising.
It is necessary
balance sheet
Instructions
Step 1
The profit received from all types of activities of the enterprise is called gross or balance sheet, since its calculation is based on the balance sheet data. This value represents a positive difference between income and expenses in three directions: the sale of products / services, the sale of fixed assets (property, equipment) and the implementation of non-sales transactions: Pb = Prp + Pros + Pvn in monetary terms.
Step 2
As a rule, the bulk of the gross profit comes from sales income. It is equal to the difference between gross income and production costs. Gross income is the total revenue from the sale of a consignment of goods or services at sale prices, reduced by the total value of the returned goods and the amount of discounts provided to customers.
Step 3
Production costs form the cost of finished products, which includes the costs of purchasing and delivering raw materials, equipment, wages, marketing and advertising campaigns and other activities that help increase sales and promote the product to the market.
Step 4
The need to calculate the profit from the sale of fixed assets arises from the sale of property, equipment and other tangible assets of the enterprise, if any, took place during the billing period. Profit from non-sale transactions represents income from intangible assets (intellectual property, the right to an invention, authorship for a publication, industrial designs, natural resources, etc.), as well as the company's securities.
Step 5
Often, to analyze the effectiveness of the work carried out, the economic profit is calculated, which also takes into account the implicit costs: Pe - Pb - NI.
Step 6
Implicit costs are the alternative amount that a company could receive if it made better use of the resources at its disposal. This is the potential income that the company could receive if it disposed of the capital by investing it in another, possibly more profitable project.
Step 7
The amount of profit is taxable. After all taxes and payments to the state budget have been paid, we can talk about net profit, i.e. value, which is the actual result of activities and can be used as an addition to the fixed capital. This, in turn, allows you to expand production and improve the economic performance of future periods.
