Profit is called a positive financial result of an organization, that is, when income exceeds expenses. Otherwise, we are talking about losses. It is important not to confuse the concepts of profit and income. The latter is the economic benefit before deducting costs.
Instructions
Step 1
In the accounting system at the enterprise, the following profit indicators are used: profit from sales, sales, gross profit, profit before tax and net profit.
Step 2
Profit from sales can be calculated using the formula Psales = Pval - KR - UR. Here Pval is gross profit, KR is business expenses, UR is administrative expenses.
Step 3
We need gross profit, which can be calculated using the formula P val = B - Срп, where Срп is the cost of goods sold, and B is the proceeds from the sale of goods or services. SRS includes only costs directly related to the sale of products. As you can see from the first formula, selling and administrative expenses are accounted for separately.
Step 4
Let's calculate first the gross profit, and then using it, the sales profit for an example. In the reporting quarter, the company sold 300 items at a price of 50 thousand rubles per item. The unit cost was 25 thousand rubles. Administrative expenses in the reporting quarter amounted to 2 million 100 thousand rubles. Selling expenses amounted to 900 thousand rubles. We calculate the gross profit:
Pval = 300 * 50 thousand rubles. - 300 * 25 thousand rubles. = 7 million 500 thousand rubles.
Step 5
Using the figure obtained in the previous step, we calculate the profit from sales:
Sales = 7 million 500 thousand rubles. - 2 million 100 thousand rubles. - 900 thousand rubles. = 4 million 500 thousand rubles.
Step 6
After that, the company generates profit before tax, which is calculated according to the formula Pdon = Sales + PD - PR, where PD is other income, and PR is other expenses.
Step 7
Then the net profit is calculated:
Pchis = Pdon + SHE -TNP - IT
In the last formula, IT is a deferred tax asset, TNP is current income tax, and IT is a deferred tax liability.
