Association is a term of Latin origin meaning "association". This concept is used in various fields of science, and, accordingly, has a different content.
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In astronomy, stellar associations are called groups of young stars that are not connected or weakly connected by gravity, which are united by a common origin and over time, according to research by astronomers, expand and disintegrate. They are large and relatively light in density. One association numbers from tens to thousands of stars born from star-forming regions.
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In programming, an associative array supports operations for adding, removing, and searching for a pair by an existing key. It is an array in which indices can be applied not only to integers, but also values belonging to other types.
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In chemistry, association refers to the fusion of simpler molecules into more complex ones, which do not cause changes in the chemical nature of a substance. Associations of molecules and ions are distinguished separately. The association of molecules is based on the action of intermolecular forces. Ions are associated with the appearance of electrostatic interactions. Associations affect properties and are important in the formation of complex compounds.
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Association in psychology is a natural connection that arises in the process of thinking between certain facts, objects, events that have remained in the consciousness and memory of a person. With the existing associative connection between two mental phenomena, the appearance in thinking of a certain event necessarily leads to the emergence in the mind of a certain other, associated with the first. This is a connection that arises in the course of thinking between the components of the psyche, when there is a subjective connection between two objectively unrelated objects. By the type of formation, several types of associations are distinguished: associations by similarity, by contrast, by proximity in space or time, causal associations. The association is based on a short-term generation of psychic impulses, which are responsible for object similarity. In this case, the basis of thinking can be presented as an operation for the analysis and synthesis of the resulting conditional relationships.
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In social sciences, an association is a legal form of non-profit organizations, which is a voluntary association of legal entities.
