An active-passive account is an account used in accounting, which simultaneously reflects the assets, or property of the enterprise, and liabilities, the sources of its formation. Active-passive account has the characteristics of both active and passive account, i.e. the balance can be reflected in both debit and credit.
Instructions
Step 1
On active-passive accounts, indicators are taken into account that can take a positive or negative value. For example, account 99 “Profit and Loss” reflects the indicator - the financial result of the current period. It can take a positive value, and then there is a profit, and negative, in which we talk about a loss.
Step 2
When defining an active-passive account, it should be remembered that they can have both a one-sided balance (either debit or credit) and a bilateral (debit and credit together). Account 99 is an account with a one-sided balance. When income exceeds expenses, i.e. the emergence of profit, the balance is reflected in the loan and refers to the balance sheet liability, since profit is the source of the formation of assets. Conversely, if there is a loss, the balance is debit the account.
Step 3
Active-passive accounts also include account 60 "Settlements with suppliers and contractors", 62 "Settlements with buyers and customers", 71 "Settlements with accountable persons", 75 "Settlements with founders", 76 "Settlements with various debtors and creditors" and etc.
Step 4
The general scheme of conducting transactions on active-passive accounts can be presented as follows. The opening debit balance reflects the presence of accounts receivable at the beginning of the reporting period, respectively, for the credit - accounts payable. The debit turnover represents an increase in accounts receivable and a decrease in accounts payable, and, conversely, an increase in accounts payable and a decrease in accounts receivable is reflected in the loan.
Step 5
For example, on account 60, the company accounts for settlements with two counterparties. In this case, one of the suppliers was paid an advance in the amount of 100 thousand rubles, and the second owed 30 thousand rubles. Thus, the debit of the account will reflect the advance (accounts receivable), and the credit - debt (accounts payable). At the same time, the balances on active-passive accounts are shown in expanded form, since the rolled-up amounts can lead to inaccurate presentation of financial statements.
