Tax accounting is a system for collecting and summarizing information from primary documents, which is used by a taxpayer to determine the tax base. The tax accounting system is determined by the organization independently and is fixed in the accounting policy.
Instructions
Step 1
The concept of "tax accounting" appeared in the legislation in connection with the introduction of Chapter 25 of the Tax Code. Article 313 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation states that tax accounting must be kept in a commercial organization in order to calculate income tax.
Step 2
The objects of tax accounting include business operations, property and liabilities of the organization. The valuation of these objects determines the size of the tax base. For tax purposes, accounting items must be reflected in documents continuously and in chronological order.
Step 3
Confirmation of information reflected in tax accounting are:
- source documents;
- tax registers;
- calculation of the tax base.
Based on data from primary documents, tax accounting registers are filled in, which are analytical documents. Register forms can be developed by the taxpayer independently and maintained in paper or electronic form. Based on the information contained in the registers, the tax base is calculated. The contents of the registers constitute a tax secret, therefore, when they are stored in an organization, it is necessary to ensure protection against unauthorized access.
Step 4
Tax accounting can be conducted on the basis of accounting or independently of it. In the first case, there is a convergence of tax and accounting, with complete coincidence of data, accounting registers can be recognized as tax accounting registers. In the second case, parallel accounting is carried out and the volume of accounting work increases.
Step 5
The tax accounting system must be documented in the accounting policy, which is approved by order of the head of the organization. Amendments to the accounting policy are made when the accounting methods or conditions of the enterprise are changed, as well as when amendments are made to the tax legislation. Accounting policy for tax accounting purposes can consist of two parts. In the first organizational part, the general rules for keeping records are established, the responsible persons are indicated, and the procedure and terms for processing documents are approved. The second methodological part reflects specific methods for calculating individual taxes; for each element of taxation, it is advisable to indicate a link to a specific article of the Tax Code. Forms of tax accounting registers developed by the organization may be attached to the accounting policy.
