The legislation of the Russian Federation states that the monetary obligations of enterprises should be expressed in rubles. At the same time, it is allowed to use the concept of "conventional units" in contracts, which represent a link to a foreign currency. As a result, calculations are carried out in the ruble equivalent based on current exchange rates.
Instructions
Step 1
Examine the terms of the contract that uses unit denominations. A binding in foreign currency must be specified in the agreement without fail. For example, $ 1 = 1 dollar or 1 cu = (1 euro + 2%). Based on this value and the current exchange rate, conventional units are converted into the ruble equivalent.
Step 2
Receive from the counterparty an invoice for the delivered goods, services rendered or work performed in accordance with the terms of the contract. At the same time, there are no clear rules in tax legislation on the currency in which this document should be drawn up. If, under the contract, payment is made in conventional units, then it would be most reasonable to indicate them. VAT is calculated in rubles as of the date of shipment of the goods. For this, the tax base, expressed in conventional units, is converted into foreign currency in accordance with the terms of the agreement and converted into rubles at the current official exchange rate of the National Bank of the Russian Federation.
Step 3
Reflect the amount in the book of sales and purchases on the date of invoicing in ruble equivalent at the appropriate rate of the National Bank of the Russian Federation. For example, an invoice was issued on March 10 for the amount of $ 10, the dollar exchange rate was 30 rubles on that day, and under the terms of the agreement, $ 1. = 1 dollar In this case, the tax base for the account is 300 rubles, i.e. 10 times 30.
Step 4
Determine the exchange rate difference that arose due to the payment of the invoice not on the day it was issued. For example, if, according to the above example, the buyer paid the invoice on March 20, when the official dollar exchange rate was 29 rubles, then there will be a negative exchange rate difference, which is equal to $ 10. multiplied by 29 rubles minus 300 rubles. The result is minus 10 rubles. If this number is negative, then the VAT deductible is calculated, and if it is positive, then the additional tax payable is determined.
