The concept of "stock exchange" is increasingly common in everyday life. Dealing with securities is the main activity of such organizations. Games on stock exchanges attract the attention of a large number of people, because they offer one of the options for additional income.
At its core, a stock exchange is an organization that mediates the securities market. It is not only a center for trade in information, but also a type of activity that performs a number of functions: intermediary, indicative, regulatory. Exchange-traded securities include shares issued by companies and mutual funds.
Brokers are people who carry out trading transactions on the exchange. They act on behalf of issuers (organizations that issued securities), investors (participants in long-term capital investments) or financial intermediaries in the sale and purchase of securities. The broker's clients own the ownership rights to the purchased securities. The broker's personal benefit lies in receiving commissions from completed transactions.
Stock dealers are those people who buy securities through brokers, after which they resell documents.
Information about the dynamics of the exchange's development and the value of securities is provided to investors through exchange quotations - a mechanism for revealing prices in the process of exchange trading.
The regulatory (control) function of the stock exchange is to organize trading in securities. Exchanges check the financial position of issuers and have the right to check and receive information about their activities. The stock exchange can remove individual issuers from quotations if they do not fulfill the requirements of exchange trading or have poor financial performance. The priority of the exchange is to provide the reliability of the price of securities and ensure the stability of exchange trading.
The tasks of the stock exchange are: to provide a centralized place for the sale of securities to the first owners and the secondary resale; identify the equilibrium exchange price; accumulate temporarily free funds and facilitate the transfer of property rights; ensure publicity, openness of exchange trading; provide arbitration; to provide guarantees for the execution of transactions that are concluded in the exchange hall; develop ethical standards, a code of conduct for exchange trading participants.
In Russia, trading in securities takes place on four main exchanges: MICEX-RTS, MICEX-Ural, St. Petersburg Currency Exchange (SPVB), St. Petersburg Stock Exchange (FB St. Petersburg).
