Standard tax deductions are benefits provided to taxpayers who have income taxed at a rate of 13%. Such deductions are provided both to certain categories of taxpayers and for children.
Who is eligible for the standard tax deduction
A distinctive feature of standard tax deductions is that they are provided regardless of the presence of certain expenses. The main criterion by which deductions are granted is belonging to the category of persons listed in the law. For example, disabled people, military personnel, liquidators of the Chernobyl accident, spouses of dead servicemen. Also, the standard deductions apply to citizens with children. A complete list of categories of citizens is given in article 218 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation.
If a taxpayer is entitled to two or more tax deductions at the same time, he is given the maximum. The standard deduction for children is provided additionally, regardless of the eligibility for other deductions.
A tax deduction is provided to parents (guardians) for each minor child or for full-time students. It can be received by one of the parents in double the amount if the other refuses. Standard deductions for children are provided until the taxpayer reaches an annual income of 280 thousand rubles.
How to get a standard tax deduction
As a rule, the standard tax deduction is processed automatically by the employer. In other cases, it is necessary to write a corresponding statement at the place of work and attach copies of documents confirming the right to deductions.
If during the tax period no deductions were provided for any reason, the taxpayer can apply to the tax office to recalculate the tax base.
Standard tax deduction amounts and calculation procedure
In 2014, deductions for the first two children will amount to 1400 rubles; third (and subsequent), as well as a disabled child - 3000 rubles.
In the amount of 3000 rubles. monthly deductions are provided to liquidators of an accident with acquired radiation sickness (in particular, at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant, at Mayak PO), invalids of the Great Patriotic War, military personnel with disabilities.
Deductions in the amount of RUB 500 can be received by Heroes of the Russian Federation, Heroes of the USSR, participants of the Second World War, residents of besieged Leningrad, prisoners of concentration camps, disabled children, liquidators of radioactive accidents, veterans of Afghanistan.
How do I calculate the deduction? For example, an employee with two minor children has a monthly salary of 30 thousand rubles. It turns out that he can claim a monthly deduction of 2800 rubles. (1400 * 2). Without receiving a deduction, the employee would receive 26,100 rubles monthly. (30-30 * 0, 13), the amount of personal income tax would be 3, 9 thousand rubles.
Upon receipt of the deduction, the employee will receive a large amount "in hand" - 26, 46 rubles. (30- (30-2, 8) * 13%). The amount of monthly personal income tax will be 354 rubles. Thus, the deduction amount will reach 360 rubles.
