The shadow economy is called an economy that is carefully hidden from prying eyes, for example, from society, the state. It includes illegal products (pirated discs, clandestine alcoholic beverages, etc.).
The underground economy exists in all countries, it does not lend itself to accounting and control by government agencies. For the first time they heard about this type of economy in the 30s - the American market was attacked by the Italian mafia, which introduced pirated products. In the 70s, economists became interested in this phenomenon, the German researcher of economic situations Gutman wrote the book "Underground Economy", in which he spoke in detail about all the nuances of the shadow business. The reason for the emergence of the shadow economy in Russia was the massive privatization of enterprises - some organizations went into the "shadow". The products manufactured by such enterprises do not meet state standards, and moreover, they can be dangerous to people's lives, for example, a counterfeit medicine can aggravate the situation of a sick person. A person is often found in the shadow economy in everyday life. For example, some employers give out wages in an envelope and call it "black", in tax and accounting there are understated amounts. It turns out that the organization avoids paying taxes, which means that it also belongs to the shadow economy. Recently, you can hear such words as "one-day firm", "cashing". All of these organizations are also part of the underground economy. One-day firms, cashing money, do not submit reports (or provide them empty, that is, do not show the maintenance of economic details), they also do not pay VAT, income tax. All this is a criminal business that is trying to prevent the Economic Crimes Department. Recently, according to preliminary data, the share of the shadow sphere is 30%. This figure is increasing every day, it is quite difficult for law enforcement officers to track accomplices, since such enterprises are registered on people who are completely innocent of this.
