To manage the economic activities of an enterprise, it is necessary to have information about the economic assets that the organization manages. Also about their composition, placement, sources of formation and determination of purpose. This requires a competent grouping of these funds, expressed in the balance sheet.
Instructions
Step 1
The basis for the formation of a balance sheet is a dual grouping of property objects of the organization: according to their purpose and economic role in financial activities. The essence of the formation lies in the method of economic grouping according to its composition and location and the sources of its formation on the first day of the month (sometimes a quarter or even a year). Consequently, in the balance sheet, the property of the enterprise is considered from two points of view. On the one hand, in terms of composition and location, and on the sources of education, on the other.
Step 2
The appearance of the balance sheet is a "T-shaped" table, where on the left side of it is displayed property - this is an asset, and on the right - where this property came from - a liability. As a result, the sum of all items of the asset should be equal to the sum of all items of liability. This is one of the balance rules. An item of the balance sheet is an indicator of an asset and a liability, which characterizes certain types of property, sources of its formation, and the organization's obligations. In simpler words, the name of the property is the article (for example: authorized capital, accounts receivable, current account, etc.). The totals for assets and liabilities are called the balance sheet currency.
Step 3
Balance sheet indicators in monetary terms at the beginning and end of the reporting period. Relatively speaking, it records the entire value of property, materials, debt, formed capital, short-term and long-term loans, and the like. Hence the need to divide it into two parts: active and passive.
Step 4
The balance records the general state of funds for a specific date. That is why with the help of it it is impossible to control the movement of certain types of these funds and their sources. To monitor each type of business processes in the current period, a system of accounting accounts is used.
