To ease the tax burden for small organizations and individual entrepreneurs, a special tax regime was introduced in the Russian Federation - the unified imputed income tax (UTII). It is mandatory for activities in which it is difficult to control real income.
For some types of activities, the state sets rates of return, that is, imputed income, which does not depend on the actual indicators of revenue and profit and is calculated based on the physical indicators and basic profitability determined in the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. This regime of tax payments must be applied by organizations and individual entrepreneurs carrying out the following activities:
- household and veterinary services;
- repair, maintenance and storage of vehicles;
- motor transport services;
- retail trade;
- catering services;
- placement of outdoor advertising and advertising on vehicles;
- lease of trade places and land plots for trade.
If an enterprise is engaged in several types of activities, it is obliged to keep separate records and pay a single tax on imputed income for each of them.
The tax base for UTII is calculated by the formula: Imputed income = (Base profitability) x (Physical indicator) x K1 x K2.
Here K1 is the deflator coefficient - the product of the same value of the previous period and the inflation rate set annually by the Government of the Russian Federation.
K2 is the adjusting coefficient of basic profitability, taking into account the peculiarities of carrying out activities on the territory of a certain constituent entity of the Russian Federation, established by the regional authorities.
Basic profitability and physical indicators are established by the Tax Code of the Russian Federation in clause 3 of article 346.29. For example, the physical indicator for the provision of car repair and maintenance services is the number of employees, and the base profitability is 12,000 rubles. For retail, the physical indicator is the retail space, and the base return is RUB 9,000.
The unified tax on imputed income is charged on a quarterly basis using the formula:
UTII = VD x 15% x 3, where VD is the tax base for the month;
15% - tax rate;
3 - the number of months in the quarter.
Within the framework of the types of activities taxed by UTII, organizations are exempt from paying income tax, individual entrepreneurs - from personal income tax, and both categories - from property tax and VAT. At the same time, they are obliged to pay personal income tax for employees and transport tax, make contributions to the pension fund, social and health insurance funds. In addition, if the property has a land plot, the land tax is paid, and if the enterprise uses water, the water tax is paid.
Organizations and entrepreneurs applying a single tax on imputed income are required to comply with the procedure for conducting cash transactions, maintain personnel, statistical, and accounting records in full, as in the general taxation system. It is also necessary to submit reports on each of the taxes paid, a quarterly balance sheet and a profit and loss statement.
